Although σ factors were historically identified as promoter specificity factors, it has become clear that their roles are not limited to the initiation phase of transcription.
Historically, the relevance of host/prey specificity to the effectiveness of biological control agents and the success of introductions gradually made it the logical first step in the selection of candidates (Waage 2001).
"The great strength of Han's work is that she gets to the universal through specificity," says Smith. "Historically, that's been rare in Korea, which is such a homogenous country that the writing it produces has often been too inward-looking to travel".
Historically, the (poly)peptides which exhibit high specificity and selectively kill close phylogenetic relatives of the producer are collectively referred to as bacteriocins.
Historically, surveillance criteria requiring a high degree of specificity have excluded patients with only viral-like or subjective patient-reported symptoms in case definitions for Lyme disease [ 5].
Improvements in drug design have historically been centered around structure-based optimization of molecule specificity for a targeted protein, in an effort to reduce unintentional binding to other proteins and off-target effects.
Historically, they were considered to exemplify extreme reciprocal partner specificity (one-to-one host-symbiont species relationships), but recent work has revealed several more complex cases.
In contrast, derivation of enriched functional human astrocytes from HESCs has historically received lesser attention, due to comparatively poor understanding of astrocyte specification during development and poor specificity of astrocyte precursor markers [ 81].
Phylogenetic conservation has been historically one of the most commonly used features used besides binding specificity to detect TFBSs (Loots et al., 2002; Moses et al., 2004).
The ancestral complex AncSR1 ERE and the derived complex AncSR1+RH SRE define an ancient evolutionary transition in TF RE specificity, and the set of direct paths between these points constitutes a historically relevant region of the joint protein-DNA sequence space.
