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The combination of presoaking in H2O2 before WAO pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis was found to give the highest sugar yield.
The highest sugar yield of 0.53 g/g was obtained from corn bran hydrolysates at a pretreatment condition of 5% solid loading and 1% acid loading for 30 min.
After the subsequent 24-h enzymatic hydrolysis, the highest sugar yield of 77.0% was reached at this pretreatment condition.
The goal of the study was to optimize the pretreatment conditions (acid concentration, time, and temperature) in order to obtain the highest sugar yield after subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis.
The combination of screw speed and barrel temperature maintained was 7 °C/150 °C and 3.7 °C/110 °C where highest sugar yield was produced.
In terms of total sugar liberation (Table 2), both the highest sugar yield (21.0%) and sugar degradation (24.4%) after pretreatment were achieved at 0.9% sulfuric acid, after 45 min, and at 180°C.
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However, the highest sugar yields obtained from the mixture of enzymes indicated that a better design cocktail was also important for hydrolyzing biomass.
While the highest sugar yields were observed with the Douglas-fir woodchips, reasonably high sugar yields were obtained from forestry residues after ionic liquid pretreatment.
Although different enzyme mixtures were required to achieve the highest sugar yields in enzymatic hydrolysis of solids from each pretreatment, the total mass loadings of the enzyme combinations applied were kept the same.
The importance of accounting for both field and laboratory variation, as well as the cultivar by trial interaction, by fitting a single statistical model (multi-environment trial, MET, model), was evidenced by the changes in list of the top 40 cultivars showing the highest sugar yields.
Hemicellulose sugars recovery for xylose and mannose was found to be 69.2% and 76.0%, respectively, indicating that WEx is capable of producing relative high sugar yield even from the recalcitrant forest residues.
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