Results showed that total prey ingestion rate estimates decreased over the course of incubation by up to 75% after 24-h, with highest ingestion rates obtained during the initial 6-h.
Despite this finding, C. helgolandicus had the highest ingestion rates among the tested copepods, and the lowest weight-specific internal PST levels.
Feeding stimulant (FS) is defined as the substance which has high ingestion rate by fish (Kasumyan and Døving 2003).
Our study provided evidence that adaptive mechanisms such as a high ingestion rate and efficient use of fatty acids, among others, operate at low temperatures, beyond the mechanistic effect that temperature has on the enzymatic kinetics of O. maya.
A higher ingestion rate was determined by counting the number of fluorescent E. coli within the ciliate over 120 s, but this was equivalent to that obtained for the stained E. coli using the same direct method of analysis.
Subjects with a medium and severe Ecstasy ingestion behaviour yielded a higher ingestion rate of other illicit drugs in subjects.
The high ingestion rate, low influence on fitness, and low weight-specific internal PST levels of C. helgolandicus indicate an adaptation through detoxification mechanisms that lead to decreased sensitivity to PST.
However, studies focusing on the influence of copepod grazing on dinoflagellates have shown both (1) high ingestion rates of toxic Alexandrium with no adverse effects on the grazers as well as (2) enhanced mortality of the grazer [16], [17].
S. typhi had the highest maximum ingestion rate, attaining 26 × 103 bacteria/ciliate/h at a prey concentration of 108 bacteria/ml by Paramecium caudatum.
In mixed bacterial culture, also Paramecium had the highest bacterial ingestion rate, especially for E. coli and shigella mixture (96.4 nanolitre/ciliate/h), coming before T. pyriformis and H. grandinella, respectively.
