Sentence examples for highest axial soil from inspiring English sources

This paper identifies the significant parameters and suggests parameter sets for lowest and highest axial soil reaction.

It was concluded that the ultimate axial soil resistance measured in the centrifuge tests was found to be higher than that predicted using Eq. (1).

This study focuses on estimating the axial load on a pipe subjected to relative axial soil movement.

Figure 5 compares the measured and calculated axial soil resistance (F A ) for a wide range of pipe displacements.

Open image in new window Fig. 5 Relationship between axial soil resistance and pipe displacement using different methods.

The axial soil resistance calculated using the closed-form solution (Eq. 1) is plotted in Fig. 5.

This paper suggests that for a steel pipe buried in dilative soils, using the available closed-form solution may significantly underestimates the axial soil resistance.

Knowing K* and using Eq. (3), the maximum axial soil resistance ((F_{A})) is estimated as 28 kN/m.

The ultimate axial soil resistance of a buried pipe in granular material is obtained by considering the interaction at the interface between the pipe and the surrounding soil.

When lateral strains develop in the soil due to the relative movement between the soil and the pipe, normal stresses on the pipe increase compared to the at-rest condition and consequently Eq. (1) would underestimate the axial soil resistance.

The axial soil spring parameters are decided by the backfill in the pipe ditch, while the horizontal and vertical soil spring is determined by the nature of soil mass around the pipeline burying site.