The original idea was to spread the benefits somewhat equally and prevent the plans from favoring higher-ranking managers.
Individual interviews were arranged for higher-ranking managers who were not available for group discussions, or whose participation might have prevented other participants (i.e., their subordinates) from talking freely about sensitive issues.
When she asked why, she was told that the office had been occupied by a much higher-ranking company director and that "managers don't get windows," Mr. Shaffer said.
They go on to show that they arrested lower ranking, middle ranking and higher-ranking officials, and go through 40 real cases including interviews of 10 high-ranking officials, and 70 officials such as policemen.
Therefore, male age influences their dominance rank, and higher-ranking males (six to seven years old) gain the most matings.
Dominance rank was the factor most strongly related to mating success, with higher-ranking males having higher mating success.
Prevailing hypotheses predict that higher-ranking males experience higher testosterone and glucocorticoid (stress hormone) levels than lower-ranking males when hierarchies are unstable but not otherwise.
These phenomena are congruent with the fact that higher-ranking schools expect higher students' academic achievements in the admission processes.
A higher-ranking official, Bradley D. Pearson, the flight standards manager in the region covering the Seattle-based airline, said the airline's program for tracking maintenance trends was deficient, but said his inspectors didn't find fault with it.
The higher-ranking animal will position herself higher than the lower-ranking one.
A first note sounded in February when, in an academic survey, retired police captains and higher-ranking officers said pressure to reduce crime had led some managers to alter crime data to show annual decreases in the index crimes measured in the department's CompStat program.
