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By 2010, offenders aged 45 54 had higher violence rates than offenders of the same age in 1994.
There was a higher likelihood for gun carrying among males compared to females, among non-Hispanic Blacks, and among those who reported a higher violence index.
Multivariable Poisson regression estimates showed increased likelihood for gun carrying among males (IRR 1.41, CI 1.27-1.58), amonon-Hispanicnic Blacks (IRR 1.26, CI 1.07-1.48), amongmong those who reported a higher violence index.
Intervention participants in higher Violence areas showed relatively stronger increases from baseline to 6 months than those reporting average or low levels of Violence.
An Indian study concluded that FSWs who experienced higher violence at work and at home had a higher measure of depression.
An exploratory analysis of the 22 women that declared themselves to be afraid, revealed that these women had a lower socio-economic status, more psycho-social problems and higher violence prevalence rates.
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The prevalence of a high violence index was further stratified by city as shown in Table 3. Chicago had a much higher prevalence of high violence index respondents than both New York City and Los Angeles (11.24% vs. 8.18% vs. 8.48%, p < 0.001).
The city with the highest percentage of individuals in the high violence index risk category was Chicago.
A high violence index (4 or more affirmative responses) was representative of 8.47% of the freshman and sophomores across cities.
No violence was associated with a total violence count of zero, low violence was associated with a total violence count of one to three and high violence was associated with a total violence count of four or more.
When multivariable Poisson regression analysis was conducted using violence index categories, the high violence index category (> 3) conferred a 6.51 times increased likelihood for gun carrying compared to those in the low violence index category (IRR 6.51, CI 5.68-7.46).
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