Each similarity metric produced more reliable rankings than random numbers.
Similarly EG enzyme will hydrolyze a bond next to the reducing end or the bond prior to the non-reducing end (hydrolysis of this bond will produce glucose) only if its associated probability is higher than pseudo-random number.
According to a permutation test in which the same number of probes is assigned to probesets randomly one thousand times, this average number of probes per probeset is significantly higher than random expectations (P<0.001; the mean number of probes per probeset of the permutations was 1.169 and the 95% confidence interval was 1.158 1.180).
To see whether the frequency of overlapping genes is significantly higher than random expectation, we randomly selected the same number of genes on each chromosome as the observed number, computed the proportion of overlapping genes, and found that only about 0.07% and 0.04% are expected by chance in human and mouse, respectively.
The results showed that 15 CpG positions ("Conserved CpG" in Additional file 1: Table S2) had significantly higher conservation scores (average phyloP score > 1.3) and that this number was significantly higher than random expectations (P = 3.56E 09 from a Z test using the phyloP distribution of 10,000 random selection tests).
The new solution takes two "weak" random sources to generate a single, high-quality random number.
This type of TRNG generates a high-quality random number.
To determine whether this propensity for catalytic sites to coevolve with one another was significantly higher than random expectations, for each representative structure, we selected random sites equal in number to the number of catalytic sites and asked how many of these random sites coevolved with one another.
For example, for alleles with frequency of <0.1, the number of alleles with frequency of <0.1 in CNSs is significantly higher than random expectation (binomial P < 10−).
Additionally, the use of a HLL-based methodology allowed us to implement a high-quality Gaussian random number generator, which produces more precise results than those obtained with the simple generators usually present in HDL-based designs.
