In pots, Depot with BE1 led to 59%% higher shoot dry matter, 50%% higher shoot N content, and 64%% higher shoot P content than without PGPM.
BE1 led to higher shoot N concentration (+13.5 %) than NoBE.
Further, tolerant BILs also recorded significantly higher shoot dry weight and drought recovery score at seedling stage under stress.
Maize shoots from NH4-Depot treatments had higher shoot concentrations and contents of N and P than those from NO3-Mixed treatments (Table 2).
With BE1, NH4-Depot plants (11.3 mg P plant−1) had 64%% higher shoot P content than without (6.9 mg P plant−1) (Fig. 1b).
It was also shown that the lines with higher shoot elongation rate had higher survival rate but not all performed well.
At harvest, the gNAAT lines possessed 4.2 and 4.1 times higher shoot dry weight and grain yield per pot than the nontransformants [61].
Oil palm seedlings fertilised with 100% fertiliser rate have higher shoot:root ratio value as compared to 75% fertiliser rate (Fig. 4).
Similarly, with BE1 (149.9 mg N plant−1), there was 50%% higher shoot N content in plants than without (99.8 mg N plant−1).
Architecture of the plants was also affected, with a higher shoot density (about 50% more shoots), better-developed root system (15% of total belowground biomass compared to 5%) and more, but smaller leaves at the higher salinity site.
