The center frequency of a higher-order pulse is located at higher frequency location [13].
This is done to validate the method with regard to cavitation including complex cavitation phenomena responsible for higher order pressure pulses.
In Fig. 4(c), (d) and (e), the power is mostly coupled into higher order modes producing narrow pulses and low BERs.
When compared with other laser conditions of Fig. 9a, b, d, the ring of Fig. 9c (10 Hz) shows more continuous and diffuse characteristics and less diffraction spot especially in the higher order rings compared with other pulse frequency cases, which implies less crystallinity than the nanoparticles with other laser pulse frequencies.
As the sound waves from aircraft turbopropellers ("propfans") pass through the turbulent boundary layer on the surface of the fuselage, the weak shock waves associated with the sound pulses and the higher order harmonics are filtered out by the velocity and density gradients as well as by the turbulence of the boundary layer.
In two-photon microscopy with ultra-short laser pulses, various experiments have reported higher order dependencies of the photobleaching rate on excitation power [ 8, 10 12].
A general formalism, the "polygon rule," is reported for the design of gradient pulse sequences for phase encoding of higher order motions, or, in other words, for compensation of phase shifts by lower motional orders.
At the threshold, the number of applied pulses was inversely proportional to a higher order of the irradiance, depending on the laser repetition rate and wavelength.
In all higher order analyses, CG-CAHPS ratings were treated as the dependent variables, whereas PULSE 360 scores served as independent variables.
In Eq. (46), λ is the self-steepening coefficient for short pulses (typically <100 fs), γ is the <span class="lh">higher order dispersion coefficient.
An additional electronic gate was constructed about the diagonal region of a dot plot of pulse area vs pulse height for Hoechst fluorescence emission signals to eliminate off-diagonal events corresponding to doublets and higher order aggregates.
