Uniform focal spot, with flat top, steep edge, low side lobe and high light efficiency, is required in many high power laser system.
Using diffractive optical element (DOE) to realize such uniform illumination has many advantages, such as high light efficiency of pure phase modulation, strong flexibility of phase design and so on.
Compared to planar light-emitting diodes (LEDs), nanorod LEDs show high performances with higher internal quantum efficiency (IQE), higher light extraction efficiency (LEE) and optimal directionality [4 20].
The outstanding performance of NKX-2311 roots in higher light harvesting efficiency and more efficient electron injection efficiency into conduction band of TiO2 electrode according to our computation.
Higher light penetration efficiency might be the reason why, using attached cultivation, observed values for photosynthetic efficiency were higher than those recorded in conventional open-pond suspended cultures.
The asymmetric gratings provide higher light trapping efficiency than symmetric ones because the asymmetric one suppress the escape of internally reflected light in the silicon wafers.
It is found that the more rough cathodically deposited material exhibited higher light scattering efficiency and thus showed a 4.5 times higher average photocurrent.
This has the obvious advantages of enabling large die-size reduction and higher light collection efficiency compared to standard crystalline silicon arrays.
Structures of this type can be used as platforms for multichannel waveguide coupling elements or as microfluidic sensors that require higher light collecting efficiency.
On the other hand, 3 should also have larger Jsc compared with that of C219 due to its red-shifted spectrum and higher light harvesting efficiency.
