In challenging locations, foreign employees are given high hardship allowances and extra monthly leave days to visit home, travel expenses paid.
But the open spaces were conducive to reflection, and the high hardship pay for working on the dams allowed me to reimburse my parents and finance my unheralded return to academia.
Non-white mothers perceived higher economic hardship, even in the presence of other socioeconomic and social support variables.
We found high rates of hardship, high out-of-pocket expenditure and a high out-of-pocket cost burden in the study population.
Results also showed that high economic hardship reduced the adverse association between perceived discrimination and youth educational and career adjustment, and reduced the protective effect of family obligation values on youth adjustment.
SHOW residents living in neighborhoods with the highest economic hardship faced a less favorable retail food environment (WRFEI = 2.53) than residents from neighborhoods with the lowest economic hardship (WRFEI = 1.77; p-trend < 0.01).
"President Obama is succeeding in his efforts to drive energy prices higher, producing the hardship for American families and businesses that Governor Romney predicted," Andrea Saul, a spokeswoman for Mr. Romney, said.
Interestingly we found that whereas a lower asset-index was associated with a higher risk of hardship financing, the association with income-proxy was not significant.
In the end, the similarities between the two groups were striking: both sets of families remained poor, with low wages and high levels of hardship, like lacking money to buy food.
Some generals may even be smitten by the idea of a strong currency.The price of inaction on the exchange rate could be high, if economic hardship leads to unrest.
