Therefore, we assume that on the average the fraction a of progeny cells remains at the same stage of differentiation as the parent cell, while the 1 - a fraction of the progeny cells differentiate, i.e. transfers to the higher differentiation stage.
In addition, 13 subpopulations were observed in maize germplasm, 85 genetic regions with higher differentiation between TS and temperate maize germplasm, 197 highly differentiated regions between different subpopulation pairs, which contained some FT- related QTNs/QTLs/genes supported by GWAS and linkage analysis, and these regions were expected to play important roles in maize adaptation.
Spearman correlation test showed that the expression of CD133 was significantly correlated with well or moderately differentiated CC (P = 0.004, Table 2), which implied that the positive expression meant higher differentiation status of tumors while the absence of CD133 signified poorly differentiated ones.
Interestingly, poorly differentiated tumors displayed lower miRNA expression compared to tumors with a higher differentiation.
Murine myoblasts showed a higher number of differentially expressed miRNAs, probably due to species differences, due to a higher differentiation velocity of murine cells compared to human primary myoblasts, or to a higher biological variance of human primary cells compared to the murine cell line.
The cells on composite scaffolds showed a higher alkaline phosphatase activity which suggested a higher differentiation level.
Surprisingly, adult MSC displayed higher differentiation capacities confirmed by gene expression analysis on a selected panel of adipogenesis-related genes.
Under NIR laser stimulation, the graphene layers (especially the rGONMs) exhibited significant cell differentiations, including more elongations of the cells and higher differentiation of neurons than glia.
Furthermore, the cells cultured on the titanium disc demonstrated higher differentiation, calcium deposition, and expression of osteogenic genes than the cells cultured on the silk fibroin-zeolitic imidazolate framework-8-titanium and pristine titanium.
PTM-based interpretation also provides higher differentiation between closely correlated but distinct sources than obtained using PCA-based statistical comparisons.
Furthermore, our results of a synergistic association of graphene and growth factors yielded higher differentiation, in accordance with previous reports [23].
