By contrast, careers in medicine, engineering, law or pharmacy require higher credentials and advanced degrees, which protects their children from the usual types of discrimination.
The higher credentialing rate in the emergency medicine cohort could be explained by the 2009 CEMSA rule that only emergency medicine specialist training doctors (registrars) who successfully credentialed as clinical ultrasound providers are allowed to challenge the specialist training exit examinations.
So now, people have to spend longer times in school chasing higher credentials in order to show prospective employers that they have invested more value into their human capital, because we live in Hell and there is no social value to higher education except insofar as it produces more valuable cogs in the capitalist machine.
As I wrote in an earlier post, in 2011, the unemployment rate for people in their 20s with college degrees or more education was 5.7 percent (for those whose highest credential was no more than a bachelor's, the number was 5.8 percent).
Specialized fields of study refer to those with the highest credential in Sciences, Technology, Engineering, or Math.
General fields of study refer to those with the highest credential in Humanities, Social Sciences, Psychology, or Liberal Arts.
But even after attaining the academic world's highest credential, she did not retreat into the ivory tower.
Highest credential in nursing: Diploma, pre-registration Bachelor of Nursing degree, pre-registration for Master of Nursing degree, Master degree, Master of Philosophy, Doctor of Nursing, Doctor of Philosophy.
In research by Aiken et al. [ 34] and replicated by Estabrooks et al. [ 36], educational level aggregated to the hospital in terms of the proportion of nurses holding baccalaureate and higher degrees as their highest credential in nursing was found to be predictive of mortality and failure to rescue when aggregated to the hospital.
A president or a governor who picks judges of high credentials gets political credit for it.
