At the higher clustering level, the model is subject to complexity selection with respect to the number of higher-level clusters, K, and the higher-level variance parameter, ψ 2. For these parameters, we make the selection jointly based on cross-validation.
Functional and regulatory elements (genes, CpG islands, TFBSs, enhancers) show the highest clustering level, as compared to DNase sites, repeats (Alus, LINE1) or SNPs.
Random allocation can take place either at the level of the individual level or at a higher group or cluster level.
Cases in the TIL-high cluster generally had expression levels of 0.5 to 1 standard deviations greater than the mean for each gene.
Some studies [31] [38], [74] report high clustering (24 to 65%) levels, while others [40], [41] show much lower values (7 to 17%) for the same subtypes and transmission routes.
PROP shares a fused ring structure with 2A5C and MDOB, and these three substrates share a common higher level cluster.
To a lesser extent, 2PE resembles 12-pNCA and 11PA in its phenolic ether structure, and it falls into a higher level cluster with these two substrates.
The similarity of the CDR3 sequence logo was even more impressive when concentrating on a higher level cluster of 11 CD4+ T-LGL cases that are all characterized by TCRVβ13.1-Jβ1.1 rearrangements.
