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However, existing successful medical robot systems leave some common drawbacks: expensive, bulky, and high operation complexity, which motivates the development of more compact, affordable, and functional robots.
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The in-situ extractive fermentation technique is not widely used in industrial ABE fermentation because of the high extractant cost and operation complexity.
However, CARS microscopy is currently not yet available for clinical applications due to its large footprint, operation complexity, and high cost [ 18].
The advantage of fungal lipases is bestowed with their extracellular nature of production thus reducing the complexities and high operation cost comparing to other bacterial enzymes.
But proliferation of new high-bandwidth services and expectation of the same services being delivered over wireline and wireless access pose significant challenges to the present mode of operation for many SPs, due to increasing network and operation complexity, and resulting high costs.
This architecture has been conceived with the aim of achieving a high operation frequency and high throughput without increasing the hardware complexity.
Operation complexity considers fasteners' operation and position.
CO denotes the operation complexity.
The operation complexity and assay cost were also reduced.
The development of the operation complexity measure followed four steps.
High operation and maintenance costs.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com