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The eight landscapes were selected to represent the diversity of the mixed agricultural landscapes of South-East Europe, where a mosaic pattern of intensively managed farmlands and high nature value semi natural grasslands is still relatively prevalent.
Traditional rural biotopes (TRBs) are semi-natural farmland habitats of high nature value formed through traditional agricultural activities, such as grazing and fodder collection.
The case of orchards and scattered trees illustrates a major problem of cultural landscapes in Europe: Semi-natural landscape features of high nature value are threatened by both intensification and abandonment of land uses.
Typical instances for pastoralists include those of High Nature Value (HNV) areas, which mainly consist of semi-natural grasslands and are managed under farming systems characterised by low stocking densities, low levels of agro-chemical inputs and often labour intensive management practices such as shepherding.
High nature value.
These areas are known as high nature value (HNV) farmland.
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These high nature-value farming systems face a harsh choice between abandonment and intensification".
Our observations were conducted in a high nature-value habitat that included an extensively managed cattle pasture.
The grazed semi-natural vegetation may be grassland, scrub or woodland, or a combination of different types...Often the semi-natural grazing is not part of the farm holding, but has some other ownership (common land, State land etc).." http://www.efncp.org/high-nature-value-farmland/hnv-farming/types/.
Wood-pastures are archetypes of High Nature Value Farmlands in Europe and hold exceptional ecological, social, and cultural values.
One of these indicators is High Nature Value HNVV) farming and forestry, which quantifies changes in natural and semi-natural ecosystems through a composed index.
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