Risks were more pronounced in medium and high intake groups in female than in male regular smokers.
The risk in the highest intake group was 0.93 times (95% CI: 0.83 1.03, P=0.15) that of the lowest intake group (see Figure 1).
When stratified by AUDIT-C score, the proportion of patients who correctly identified their value was significantly lower in the higher intake group (59.6 % versus 77.5 %, p = 0.02).
Fewer still were able to correctly select "a single measure of whisky" as the drink closest to one unit of alcohol (21.6 % overall, 15.5 % in the higher intake group verses 24.8%% in the lower intake group (p = 0.16)).
Stratified analyses showed that the inverse association was restricted primarily among women who had a high body mass index (BMI), with an adjusted OR of 0.30 (95% CI = 0.10 0.94) observed for the highest intake group.
It should be noted, however, that when additional adjustments were made for intake of cholesterol, selenium, and vitamin D, the RR for the highest intake group of EPA and DHA compared with the lowest group was especially reduced after adjustment for selenium intake.
In all three groups of soft drink intake (seldom/rarely, 1 6 glasses/week, ≥1 glass/day), there was a negative cheese versus MetSRisk correlation (p≤0.003), but in the highest intake group the influence of cheese seemed to level off, suggesting interaction.
The same results were shown for healthy food items; those in the highest intake groups of fruits, vegetables and breakfast cereals at home continued to have higher intakes also in the camp.
From the lowest to the highest intake groups, there was a greater than 2-fold mean increase in urinary DON (p < 0.0005), geometric mean, 6.14 μg/day (95% CI, 5.17 7.12) to 13.63 μg/day (95% CI, 11.61 15.99) for low and high quartiles, respectively.
The high-intake group had a higher risk of death too.
