Alveolar retention for Ag and TiO2 NPs and CNTs for a working-lifetime (45 years) exposure duration is similar to high-end concentrations (~ 30 400 μg/mL) typical of in vitro testing reported in the literature.
Assuming that the average food consumption of an average market-weight pig of 91 kg is 4% body weight, this can result in pigs being exposed to five mg/kg b.w. of ME using the high-end concentration (120 p.p.m). of confirmed swine feed samples, or 78 mg/kg b.w. of ME using the highest concentration in pet food scraps.
For example, in September samples, BDE-209 levels (Table 1, Figure 1A) were at the high end of concentrations found in Swedish workers manufacturing decaBDE-treated rubber (Thuresson et al. 2005).
Similarly, ionic strength allows altering relative mobilities of mono- and dianions, although its range is limited (∼1 10 mM) by buffering and stacking considerations on the low end and background conductivity on the high end of concentration ranges.
Two clinical studies of 10,000 IU/day have demonstrated an elevation of serum 25(OH D concentrations to the high end of normal concentrations without inducing toxicity in healthy volunteers [ 44, 45].
These concentrations are near the high end of the concentration range used in the present study that resulted in decreased cell viability.
The two study sites clearly differ at the low and at the high end of As concentrations, however.
Such assessments are based on conservative assumptions of food intake and migration data, and, furthermore, integrate the high end of food concentrations of the agent under study.
The experiments presented here were intended to fill this gap and enable us to draw the following conclusions: Apart from a down-turn of responses near the high end of tested concentrations, inverted U-shapes in the range of low-effect doses were generally not observed under our experimental conditions, and this may be specific for the end point investigated in the E-Screen.
In both scenarios, clinically significant falsely elevated cortisol measurements are most likely only when 21-deoxycortisol or 11-deoxycortisol are at the high end of serum/plasma concentrations reported in the literature.The majority of the compounds with strong cross-reactivity for the Roche Elecsys Cortisol assay had 2D-similarities to cortisol of 0.867 or higher.
Since the average proliferation IC50 across the cell panel was ∼0.1 uM (see Figure S1B), we chose ∼1 uM compound as the high end of the concentration curve in order to ensure a full range of response.
