A clerical hierarchy, topped by imams and ayatollahs, became crucial in Shi'ism.
In essence, the village poor must take their place along with everyone else in a perfect hierarchy topped by the king's benevolent patronage.
Many historians have also identified these weaknesses: the fair's celebration of industry and agriculture was a celebration of consumption; it ranked cultures in a hierarchy, topped by the achievements of the West, given pride of place in the great buildings of the White City.
They slow progress by focusing on hierarchy, top-down decision making, rigid deadlines and short-term outcomes.
Governance: serves as an umbrella concept including different forms (hierarchy, market, network, and professional self-governance), different sets of managerial and professional modes of governing, and institutions and actors: ● Hierarchy: top-down exercised on levels of state and/or hospitals.
There's something Oedipal, even Shakespearean, about Marcus Wareing's eclipsing of his former mentor and boss, Gordon Ramsay, in the hierarchy of top London restaurants.
Lighter than older orientals, Intuition is structured not in the traditional hierarchy of top, middle and base notes but in a loose cooperative arrangement of accords that fade in and out.
The "nearly universal access to radio, television and the Internet," Brzezinski writes, "is creating a community of shared resentments and envy that... poses a challenge to both existing states and the global hierarchy, on top of which America still perches".
The mainstream concept of a "mafia" is entirely informed by what we know of the Italian families – a strict hierarchy, a top dog, initiation ceremonies, and a lot of murder.
"Clubs thought to be permanent fixtures in the hierarchy of top tier football such as Heart of Midlothian, Hibernian and Rangers have been relegated.
We show that virtual environments and associated paradigms can be divided into a hierarchy, on top of which are paradigms with dynamically changing social relationships and roles.
