That's because corruption is inherent to a system where a one-party hierarchy, based on political patronage and protection, controls the allocation and use of state-owned assets, critics say.
IRT-based transformations allow for items to be ranked unequivocally on a hierarchy based on item difficulty, ranking items from easiest to most difficult [ 21].
And the simplest way to do that seems obvious: construct a hierarchy based on overall similarities.
Whereas stratification was minimal among the Bedouin, a hierarchy based on wealth appeared among the Quraysh.
These can be arranged in a hierarchy based on their degree of specificity or exclusiveness.
Just like Pappy owners who boast about the hunt, Pokémon Go players fit into a hierarchy based on the characters they've collected.
Analyzing the K1dd13 conversations, the Honeynet Project psychologist, Max Kilger, described a complex hierarchy based on technical prowess in which rivalry plays a big role.
An episcopal hierarchy (based on the Roman provinces and civitates) was developed, and monasticism was introduced by Martin of Tours (c. 316 397).
Within the social group or pack there is a complex dominance hierarchy based on age, pair-bonds, physical condition, and sexual state.
There is a clear hierarchy, based on the caliber of faculty and students, the number of alumni with Tonys and Oscars, university support for productions and stipends, and opportunities to work with professionals.
It could become more useful by structuring inputs according to how different types of information may be treated, with a hierarchy based on the seriousness of the privacy intervention.
