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But before doing this, the following section presents a model of hierarchical supervision in which the central and the local supervisors jointly supervise the bank in order to obtain a nonverifiable signal of the bank's solvency, and then the central supervisor decides on the bank's early liquidation.
It can also be used as a building block for a model of hierarchical supervision, in which the central and the local supervisors jointly supervise the bank in order to observe a nonverifiable signal of the bank's solvency, and then the central supervisor decides on the liquidation of the bank.
The Nash equilibrium of this game describes the outcome of the hierarchical supervision model.
Thus, the liquidation cost of the local supervisor will be (delta _{l}+Delta ) under decentralized supervision and (delta _{l}) under hierarchical supervision, whereas the liquidation cost of the central supervisor will be (Delta ) under both centralized and hierarchical supervision.
Under hierarchical supervision, the central and the local supervisors simultaneously choose their efforts, so they will be playing a game.
A second extension shows that limiting the size of the central supervisor in the hierarchical supervision setup is welfare improving.
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Section 4 compares in terms of welfare three possible institutional arrangements: decentralized, hierarchical, and centralized supervision.
This section compares in welfare terms three possible institutional arrangements: decentralized, hierarchical, and centralized supervision.
The main contribution of the paper is to characterize the conditions under which one of the three institutional arrangements, namely decentralized, hierarchical, and centralized supervision, dominates in welfare terms the other two.
Anson Shupe, an Indiana University sociologist and author of several books on faith-based fraud, said his own research indicates evangelicals, Mormons and black churches are most susceptible, while Catholics are relatively protected by a dense, hierarchical network of clergy supervision.
To address this, we propose a new three-level hierarchical probabilistic model by incorporating supervision into the extended LDA model, making the annotation applications be much effective than previous LDA models.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com