Moreover, data may be correlated due to the hierarchical study design or the data collection methods.
Because this study adopted multilevel hierarchical study design, linear mixed models were employed to evaluate the effects of IM-based online discourse on students' KSA at three levels – TEACHER-, CLASTUDENT-levelNT-level.
This results in an hierarchical (studying procedural sequences) task analysis.
Our characterization strategy comprised a set of state-of-the-art analytical techniques planned for a hierarchical study of a biosimilar trastuzumab using an orthogonal approach.
We recognized that randomizing within classrooms in a single school (as opposed to a hierarchical study with randomization between schools) opened the study to several threats to internal validity, namely diffusion or compensatory equalization of treatment by the instructor, or compensatory rivalry or resentful demoralization of the comparison group.
The PCA data for genes with > 1.5-fold differential expression are summarized in Additional file 6: Table S5; these gene were used for the hierarchical cluster studies shown in Figure 4B which further illustrates the three major gene profiles consistent with the PCA data.
A detailed hierarchical morphological study of the paleopedocomplex, including meso- and submicromorphological and magnetic susceptibility analyses, allowed us to identify the Late Quaternary pedogenic processes under severe extra-continental climate, including gleyzation, aggregation, cracking and humus formation.
Significantly, the results from our microarray hierarchical analysis study indicate that the genes involved in the pathogenesis of different types of craniosynostosis are more similar than may previously have been thought.
A hierarchical clustering study of gene expression by Sorlie et al (2001, 2003) showed that breast cancers can be clustered into four subtypes: luminal, HER2-positive, basal-like, and normal breast-like, based on their expression patterns of ER, HER2, cytokeratin (CK 5/6, and other markers.
In this work, we study hierarchical DHT-based Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems.
