Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a biologically complex and molecularly and clinically heterogeneous disease, and its incidence is increasing as the population ages.
Malarial incidence was heterogeneous, and associated with host genetics, use of bednets, and distance of a child's residence from a mosquito breeding site [19].
Inconsistencies reported in the literature may be the result of combining histologic subtypes which have heterogeneous clinical features and incidence patterns and thus are likely to possess distinct sets of risk factors [5].
While marked socio-economic changes following the end of Soviet rule have been pinpointed as the major causal factors for the TBE upsurge in the eastern and Baltic regions of Europe [3], [20], these factors cannot be responsible for the heterogeneous increase in TBE incidence in the rest of Europe.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a heterogeneous disease and its incidence has been increasing over the past 20 years (Drucker, 2005).
One systematic review (high RoB) on SES inequalities in relation to childhood leukaemia incidence found heterogeneous results and therefore no clear evidence to support an association [ 11].
There are several studies suggesting incidence of heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA) parallels the increase of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) [ 3- 7].
More recently, a study in a more heterogeneous population reported an incidence of 2.27% (van Leeuwen et al, 1994b), which although clearly still much higher than reported here, is more comparable to this study.
PROBLEM: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a heterogeneous disease with an incidence of approximately 1 per 10,000, equivalent to many cancers, and which is unresponsive to therapy and fatal in outcome.
It was noted that diabetes affects a heterogeneous population, with the incidence and prevalence of diabetes increasing with age [ 17], and therefore caution should be used when generalising results from specific studies.
