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This heritable variation is known from heritability studies based on monozygotic twins.
Giraffes, he proposed, arose through heritable variation and natural selection — a tall-necked specimen appears in an ancestral tree-grazing animal, and, perhaps during a period of famine, this mutant survives and is naturally selected.
Heritable variation is illustrated by step 6.
Only selection acting on heritable variation will have evolutionary consequences.
To say that selection requires heritable variation is factually wrong.
▪ How does this case study illustrate heritable variation in a population?
Natural selection is an inevitable consequence of competition between individuals with heritable variation in fitness.
The approach requires clearly defined units and heritable variation among them.
The motivation for saying that natural selection requires heritable variation is clear.
Many biologists define natural selection as differential reproduction of heritable variation (see, e.g., Endler 1986).
Natural selection, commonly understood as this differential reproduction of heritable variation, is purely causal.
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