Sentence examples for heritable infection from inspiring English sources
From a mechanistic point of view, however, we document the transmission of a microorganism from one individual to another, unrelated, individual within the same generation, a necessary precondition of a novel heritable infection in a population.
From an evolutionary point of view (most often used in the symbiont literature), our results show no transmission of secondary symbionts from B. tabaci to parasitoids that result in a heritable infection.
A Wolbachia spillover from an infected source population must occur prior to the establishment of heritable infections, but this spillover may be transient.
Most studies dealing with this phenomenon investigated horizontal transmission as the establishment of new heritable infections in new host lineages that may then express a reproductive phenotype leading to increases in infection frequencies in populations.
Experimental evidence of a heritable Wolbachia infection is necessary to confirm an established infection.
Bian et al. (p. 748) established a heritable Wolbachia infection in anopheline mosquitoes, which simultaneously suppressed the reproduction of malaria parasites within the adult female mosquitoes.
Susceptibility to MAP infection is heritable with heritability estimates ranging from 0.06 to 0.10.
All progenies from self-fertilized transgenic plants had strong and heritable resistance to RGDV infection and did not allow the propagation of RGDV.
Although the variation between lines was highly significant, indicating that the response to infection was heritable, there was also considerable variability within some lines.
Recent reports indicate that a wide range of insects are protected from natural enemies via infection with heritable symbionts, yet little is known about natural enemy responses to symbiont-based protection [ 7].
It was first assumed that variation in resistance resulted from immunological pathways encoded in the aphid genome, but later studies found that infection with heritable bacterial symbionts was responsible for a substantial portion of the observed variation [ 39].
