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HER receptor activation occurs via ligand binding or nonligand-dependent receptor dimerization, initiating signals that promote tumorigenesis via cell proliferation, survival, migration, adhesion, and differentiation.
Together these data indicated that in-situ HER2 phosphorylation by ligands of other HER receptor family members could be monitored by FRET.
Here we have provided a molecular mechanism of how HER2 oncogenic function escapes TKIs' inhibition via alternative HER receptor activation as a result of autocrine ligand release.
The response rate to targeted HER family therapy depends on more than just the receptor concentrations or the mutations of the particular HER receptor.
HER receptor heterodimers are potent signaling complexes, with HER-2 being the preferred heterodimeric partner.
Thus, it appears that MMP2 secretion is not regulated by HER receptor activity.
However, the clinical outcome with regard to total HER receptor state remains largely unknown.
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Further descriptive and functional studies of HER receptors will serve to characterise the disease in terms of a given molecular HER-receptor equivalent, thus providing an essential basis for individualised therapy.
BMS-599626 is an oral pan-HER receptor kinase inhibitor that is currently in phase I clinical trials.
Although neratinib is described as a pan-HER inhibitor, at clinically relevant concentrations, it can affect non-HER receptor kinases that contain homologous ATP kinase domains.
Thus, HER-receptor activity and functionality depend on one another and thus the impact on tumour cell proliferation and growth is likely to be dependent on HER-receptor coexpression and communication.
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