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Ethical permission was not required for this study as it involved the routine analysis of educational test data, and hence was exempted from requiring permission under exemption 'c' of the UCL Research Ethics Committee (http://ethics.grad.ucl.ac.uk/exemptions.php).php
Anguilla was too rocky & dry for the great mechanized plantations the sugar industry required, & hence was exempted from the full force of the social transformation whereby communities of white planter-proprietors gave way to feudal estates supporting vast slave populations.
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The databases comprise secondary data released to the public for research purposes; hence, this study was exempted from full review by the Institutional Review Board.
This study was exempted by the Institutional Review Board.
The study was exempted by the Dutch Medical Ethics Committee.
The study was exempted from institutional review by Stanford University IRB.
This study was exempted from Institutional Review Board approval.
The study was exempted by the IRB.
The European common fisheries policy (CFP) advocates measures to sustain small-scale fisheries; hence, in the European Commission's proposal for a reformed CFP, these are exempted from a mandatory system with tradable fishing concessions.
(Defence mergers will be exempted).
The rest are exempted altogether.
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