Hence spiders have open circulatory systems.
Hence, the spider must travel to the water's surface for bubble renewal, which it does about once each day.
The male, seldom seen because it is often killed and eaten by the female after mating (hence the spider's name), is about one-fourth the size of the female.
Hence single spiders did not benefit from having a whole fly while the others got only a part.
Digestive enzymes are costly to produce [ 29] and hence, some spiders may benefit by consuming food digested by enzymes of a conspecific without providing investment themselves.
Those very movements have an aim or purpose for the spider, and hence they are subject to a kind of teleological explanation.
Prosys + plants display a constitutively activated JA-signaling pathway [ 27], and, hence, this confirms that spider mites are susceptible to JA-dependent defenses [ 10, 28].
It is, hence, possible that yellow spiders were more motivated to catch honeybees than white spiders because honeybees were a more valuable reward for them.
Hence, in groups of 6 spiders, on average three spiders shared a prey (3.3 ± 0.21 spiders feeding, n = 20), while in groups of 3 spiders mostly two or one spider fed (mean ± SD: 1.6 ± 0.16 spiders feeding, n = 22, One-factorial test: χ2 = 19.76, DF = 1, p ≤ 0.0001).
The origin of cobweb spiders, and hence the cobweb a speciallized trap for pedestrian prey coincides with a major diversification shift in ants.
