Other covariates, such as height, intake of vitamin D, intake of calcium, and total energy intake, were not included, as they were not consistently associated with pancreatic cancer risk across the cohorts.
Statistical adjustment for important potential confounders such as age, sex, place of residence, levels of education, marital status, BMI, height, intake of fruit and vegetables, a composite wealth score, alcohol consumption, and cigarette smoking status had little effect on the risk estimates.
* P <0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P <0.001 In comparing clinical parameters among genotype groups, no significant differences were observed for age, weight, height, calcium intake, caffeine intake, or BMI.
In the final model, covariates not included due to limited evidence of confounding were family history of MI, hypercholesterolemia, height, protein intake, polyunsaturated fat intake, multivitamin use, glycemic index, site of MI, ST elevation, and initial creatinine level.
There were no group differences in age, height, dietary intake, and fasting plasma concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
We looked at outcomes such as weight and height, calorie intake, behaviour and also side effects.
These might differ from younger population groups as in old age changes occur in body composition, height, food intake and energy expenditure [ 9, 18].
Height, alcohol intake, age at first menstruation, parity, age at first birth, and familial history of breast cancer have generally been considered to be associated with breast cancer risk, but did not show a significant association in this study.
Since the correlation of prepregnancy weight obtained by questionnaire and weight measured at enrolment was high (0.97, p < 0.001) [ 35], BMI was calculated on the basis of maternal weight and height at intake.
The adjusted model included age, physical activity level, smoking status, height, BMI, energy intake, intake of alcohol, retinol and vitamin D, supplemental calcium, supplemental calcium plus vitamin D, oestrogen replacement therapy, cortisone use, bisphosphonate use, a previous fracture of any type before baseline, nulliparity, educational level, and Charlson's comorbidity index.
‡Adjusted for age, body mass index, height, total energy intake, total alcohol intake, healthy dietary pattern, calcium and vitamin D supplementation, ever use of cortisone, educational level, living alone, physical activity level estimated as metabolic equivalents, smoking status, and Charlson's comorbidity index; and in women additionally for use of oestrogen replacement therapy and nulliparity.
