Today, however, it is clear that industry no longer holds such a hegemonic position.
But that hegemonic position among "equals" is not enough for Tsar Vlad.
In other situations, the hegemonic feminist ideal was visually disrupted.
This underlying distress and insecurity among these men can be seen as a sign of a situation where the traditional hegemonic masculinity is contested, allowing new forms to evolve to maintain a certain power (im balance.
Given that the formation of hegemonic masculinities is contextual and because social situations change, HM can be altered [ 10].
No doubt selective aggregations can be made, but without then acquiring a hegemonic status that suppresses the diversity of situations, perspectives and meanings inherent in such a broad synthetic notion.
Tshepo described his loss in terms of an inability to occupy the carefree hegemonic masculinity, i.e. the traditional position: You know I like women, so for my situation now I can't have many of them and I should use protection every time and the other thing is that I can't have another child because of my status.
Such situations - creating tensions to the current hegemonic energy regime in the region - can consequently spur the development of decentralised energy production (including by small- and medium-sized CHP units) to ensure the continued availability of local heat production.
One such situation is when men refuse to act as the hegemonic masculinity ideal dictates (12), and this seems to be the case depicted in our informants' process of change.
It would seem that Iran today is closer to Czechoslovakia in 1968, when the first attempt at peaceful revolution was violently crushed, than it is to the situation twenty years later, when the young students beaten and arrested a generation before had become the culturally hegemonic force in the country.
