Sentence examples for heat sum from inspiring English sources

Due to temperature as the main driver for physiological processes [1], the harvest date of winter wheat is essentially determined by cumulated temperature (heat sum), expressed in degree days (DD) [8].

Bowers and Dimmitt ([1994]) determined that brittlebush flowering is triggered by cool season rains of at least 20 mm combined with a heat sum of 415° days above 10°C.

In most temperate and boreal species, the initiation of growth in spring occurs from buds when first a genetically determined chilling sum is met in winter, followed by a genetically determined heat sum in spring.

Growth did not simply correspond to the mean temperature or heat sum that the plants experienced during the growth period, since these were equal in the C, M and E treatments.

In situ observations of F. sylvatica on Mont Ventoux revealed a classical phenotypic cline in TBB resulting from plastic variation; budburst occurs earlier at lower than higher elevations because TBB is triggered by the heat sum (Davi et al. 2011).

Climate change will not alter photoperiodic cues for growth cessation and bud set, but may delay the satisfaction of chilling requirements in winter, or accelerate the satisfaction of heat sum requirements, and may also change the degree of synchrony of reproductive bud development among populations, affecting the potential for long distance gene flow via pollen.

Basically, the diversity of relationships between organisms and climates leads to diversity among statistical (empirical) models, such as the thermal time, degree-days, heat sums, growing degree-days, physiological time, and spring warming models.

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Both chilling and heat sums have been shown to vary among populations in some species (Howe et al. 2003).

where ρa is the atom density (atoms/barn cm), ρg is the gram density (g/cm3), and H(E) is the heating response (summed over nuclides in a material).

The tally scores the energy deposition using Eq. 2 [16]: F 6 = ρ a ρ g ∫ v ∫ t ∫ E H E Φ r, E, t d E d t d V V MeV g × Source particle (2 where ρais atom density (atoms/barn-cm), ρg is gram density (g cm−3) and H(E) is the heating response (summed over nuclides in a material).