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CCBs are currently considered an alternative therapeutic strategy for Marfan patients intolerant of β-blockers, due to their ability to reduce contractility of the heart (negative ionotropy) and to lower blood pressure (Milewicz et al., 2005; von Kodolitsch and Robinson, 2007; Hartog et al., 2012).
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Increased cardiac vagal activity thus results in a fall not only in the heart rate (negative chronotropic effect) but also in the rate of propagation of the cardiac action potential (negative dromotropic effect) and in the force of myocardial contraction (negative inotropic effect) (see Jones (2001)).
The final step is an equivalent circuit allowing simulation of various normal as well as pathological states (e.g. effects of heart rate, negative intrathoracic pressure, exercise, hemorrhage, heart failure, and hypertension).
A barrier attempting to protect my heart from negative emotions.
Trying to remain even keeled from an exciting phone call or email opportunity, or not taking to heart the negative comment or review received on your hard work.
Furthermore, studies have shown that increased expression of β-MHC in an α-MHC dominant mouse heart causes negative cardiac remodeling in response to numerous stresses (e.g. increases in systolic and diastolic LV dimensions) [35].
HEV71 was cultured from the brain specimens of two of our autopsied case-patients, but viral cultures of the lung and heart were negative.
The tumour associated with the stomach showed moderate diffuse positive staining for human CD117, while the nodules in the heart were negative for this antigen.
There are a number of recurrent and salient topics in the field of sports cardiology: SCD in connection with sporting activity ; cardiac "fatigue" and cardiac injury caused by endurance sports ; structural changes in an athlete's heart and negative cardiac remodelling ; screening methods for SCD or cardiac remodelling ; the right 'dose' of sport and types of training methods.
They reported that uncontrolled reoxygenation of hypoxic hearts had negative systemic and cardiac effects.
Our result indicated that the Isl1+ cells, and, therefore, the Isl1+ endothelial intermediates identified in the same OFT region of human fetal hearts were negative for neurofilament.
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