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Heart involvement may not be apparent early, but 60 percent of the victims develop rheumatic heart disease in later life; mitral stenosis (narrowing of the mitral valve) is a particularly common complication.
Coronary angiography performed a few weeks later showed normal coronary arteries, suggesting involvement of the coronary microcirculation, which was consistent with CV-related heart involvement.
Heart involvement occurs in 75%% of patients, may be symptomatic or not [18], and, in most cases, presents with ECG and imaging alterations [5].
We compared rapidly fatal TTP with heart involvement and DIC cases to determine if the differential diagnosis of TTP and DIC could be aided by immunohistochemical techniques.
Early diagnosis is vital to start effective therapy before irreversible organ damage has occurred and should be based on markers of initial, asymptomatic organ dysfunction, such as natriuretic peptides for heart involvement and albuminuria for renal amyloidosis.
History of esophagus, gastrointestinal, joint, muscle and/or heart involvement; ILD; echocardiography PAP>35 mmHg; and renal crisis was obtained from detailed clinical charts for hospitalized patients and self-reports for ASF members.
This may be clinically pertinent since heart involvement is recognized as a factor predicting relapse [ 27].
However, the reasons leading to heart involvement during RSV infection are not fully known.
Our study enabled us to distinguish the different patterns of heart involvement in SSc using MRI.
Heart involvement is frequent and represents the leading cause of death.
Finally, inflammation is likely to play a role in SSc as well as in heart involvement.
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