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In the heart, gap junctions are responsible for rapid conduction of action potentials between cardiomyocytes.
In the heart gap junction intercellular coupling represents the fundament of proper electrical propagation.
In 1995, we observed what we believed were hemiplaques or hemichannels in heart gap junction preparations, but could only speculate on their function (25).
In the heart, gap junctions mediate electrical coupling between cardiac myocytes, forming the cell-to-cell pathways for orderly spread of the wave of electrical excitation responsible for synchronous contraction (reviews).
In heart, gap junctions (GJs) serve as intercellular communication channels to confer direct ion exchange and synchronization of electrical excitation between adjacent myocytes, thus allowing rhythmic coordinated myocardium contraction.
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When these bioengineered 3D tissue grafts are transplanted onto damaged hearts, gap junction communication between graft and host is likely critical for synchronized beating and functional improvement.
In the heart, Cx43 gap junctions allows spread of the electrical signals from the sinoatrial node across the heart muscle by transmitting the sodium-mediated membrane depolarization signal to neighboring cells allowing the synchronous contraction of many cardiomyocytes at the same time in each heartbeat.
On the other hand, Shiroshita-Takeshita et al. reported that, in a model of chronic heart failure, gap junction enhancer had no effect on AF inducibility.
With hand- Gal4-mediated KD, we found severe morphological defects in ilk RNAi hearts, including gaps between cardiomyocytes and abnormal patterns of β1-integrin staining, which were not seen in wild-type controls or ilk heterozygous mutants (Fig. 5B C, Fig. S4A E, Supporting information).
There was, however, an enlightening exchange that is worth reproducing in full, because it goes to the heart of the gap in attitudes between bankers and the public.
Of the many economic lessons of the 20th century, this is the one that poor countries' policymakers must take to heart if the gap between rich and poor has any prospect of narrowing in the century to come.
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