During the later healing phase, macrophages characterize anti-inflammatory/wound-healing phenotype, they produce many cytokines, chemokines and growth factors to crosstalk with keratinocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells, contributing to reepithelialization, collagen deposition, angiogenesis, granulation tissue formation and wound repair.
18 proteins are assigned to homeostasis and blood coagulation (wound healing phase I), 35 proteins are assigned to inflammation or defense response (wound healing phase II), and 19 are related to proteolysis and remodeling (wound healing phase III and IV).
No complications were encountered during the operation or the healing phase.
A bone condensing implant can be used in the early healing phase with successful outcomes in terms of implant survival and bone adaptation.
The healing phase begins after rupture reaches any fault edge.
Fig. 13 Normal mouth opening following healing phase.
However, this may be associated with some small negative effects later in the healing phase.
Cross-linking agents can be cytotoxic during the healing phase [10].
During the healing phase, sclerotic margins appear but sclerosis is usually limited.
In most included studies, implant losses in children occurred early during the healing phase.
Each healing phase therefore needs a tightly regulated signalling pattern to balance cytokines present during certain healing stages.
