And it will probably surprise no one that this rigidly assured figure is both a nun and the head of a grade school.
"I think there could be serious concerns about what happens when the very senior management receives shares," says Jonathan Pitkanen, head of investment grade research at fund manager Threadneedle.
When at Harvard, Summers accused African America Studies department head Cornel West of "grade inflation" and called an album West produced as an "embarrassment" to the university.
Explaining Horace Mann's unusual policy, Steven Tobolsky, the head of the elementary grade division, said: "On one hand, there is the pressure on families for whom the expense of gifts could be problematic.
Try and get a teacher alone, or go to either your school nurse, your school's pastoral office or counselors, your head of year or form or grade, or your headmaster or principal.
"The problem is becoming less rates but credit supply," said Puneet Sharma, head of European investment-grade credit strategy at Barclays Capital in London.
"The biggest driver of demand has been the policy responses from the European Central Bank," said Melissa Smith, head of European high-grade debt capital markets at JPMorgan Chase in London.
"When you look at other asset classes, the corporate bond market offers some of the better values," said Bob LoBue, head of the investment-grade fixed-income syndicate at J. P. Morgan, which has underwritten roughly half the issues that have come to market since Sept. 11.
But at the same time, fund managers have noticed that since the beginning of the year — at least until this week — the stock market has rallied as insolvency fears eased over Europe, and company earnings have been good, meaning there is some confidence in their bonds, said Ryan K. Brist, head of United States high-grade credit for Western Asset Management.
Granted, the exhibits of pipelines and seismic vessels may have been over the heads of many grade-schoolers.
The consensus conference on IAH and ACS recommends to maintain an abdominal perfusion pressure [APP] above 50 to 60 mmHg (grade 1C), to use a brief trial of neuromuscular blockage (grade 2C), to avoid elevation of the head of the bed above 30° (grade 2C), and to use hypertonic crystalloid and colloid-based resuscitation fluids (grade 1C) [5].
