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Data from the 10%- and 90%-trajectories were used to estimate age-dependent per-cycle hazards of developing a carious surface in low- and high-risk individuals, respectively.
The case of Geron, the biotechnology company that has been the first to initiate a clinical trial using ESC-derived cells, illustrates the hazards of developing a cell-based product [ 3].
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The primary objective is to determine the effectiveness of a systematic osteoporosis screening and treatment program on the hazard of developing a fracture over the treatment period.
The hazard of developing a breast or ovarian cancer hbo(x) is therefore a mortality hazard.
These risk factors translate into a substantially increased risk of morbidity and mortality; for example the hazard of developing a myocardial infarct in early-onset T2DM (< 45 years) is 4-fold higher than in late onset T2DM (> 45 years) and 14-fold higher than in people without T2DM [ 6].
We therefore defined hbo(x) as the hazard associated with the risk of developing a non-sporadic breast or ovarian cancer.
Figure 1b illustrates the four separate time-specific recurrence hazards and shows that the risk of developing a first relapse event is fairly stable across time since surgery.
Compared with the group prescribed glucocorticoids without iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome, the adjusted overall hazard ratio of developing a cardiovascular event for those prescribed glucocorticoids with iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome was 2.74 (95% confidence interval 2.06 to 3.62, table 5).
Under the assumption that both risks of developing a breast or an ovarian cancer are independent for mutation carriers, we estimated the hazard hbo(x) of developing either breast or ovarian cancer using the competing risks equation hbo(x) = hb(x)+ho(x).
The evaluation of the potential public and occupational health hazards of developing and existing combustion processes requires a detailed understanding of the physical and chemical properties of effluents available for human and environmental exposures.
A higher summary SEP score was significantly associated with lower hazards of developing mobility impairment in all race/gender groups, except among Black men where the 95% confidence limits include 1.0.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com