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The method has been mathematically proven to be valid if the assumption of constant excess hazard holds [ 18].
The initial regression method used Cox proportional hazards to estimate the risk of mortality, which generates valid estimates if the assumption of proportional hazard holds (e.g. if the risk is stable over time).
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Depending on whether the assumption of proportional baseline cause-specific hazards holds, an unstratified or a stratified Cox regression could be applied.
The dump, closed in 1999 because of environmental hazards, held about five million tires.
In Figure 5, we modeled the survival effect of all BSI, occurring at the rate and times of acquisition observed in the whole population, comparing against a group not acquiring BSI, with all other baseline hazards held at population means.
For the above analysis, two such plots are shown in Figure S1. Figure S1A indicates that in relation to the mild versus no eosinophilia effect, the proportional hazard assumption holds.
This model shows good performance when the proportional hazards assumption holds; a test for proportional hazards is suggested by Basu and Manning (2006).
One hazard is hold-ups on runways in which the robbers force open the hold and steal the luggage.
Sharing the Pain Moral hazard may hold the clue to solving the euro crisis.
This fact represents that there has also been a communication disconnect of local hazard knowledge held by residents that was not openly communicated to scientists and authorities, exposing a two-sided hurdle in risk communication and risk reduction.
Buyers may have to bear various types of transaction costs ranging from costs of coordination to hazard of hold-up2 arising from asset specificity or IP appropriability3 (Williamson 1979).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com