Although PICKY demonstrated significantly better performance than previous peak picking methods, it has two bottlenecks.
On our way out, I kicked the table, though not deliberately – I was distracted by the fact they no longer have two doors, meaning a bar that used to flow now has a constant bottleneck.
Polyploid wheats have suffered two bottlenecks associated with the transition from wild wheat and also due to polyploidy.
Oilseed rape is bred as a selfing species and has undergone two bottlenecks for seed quality improvement (to eliminate erucic acid and decrease glucosinolate content), which led to a LD decay similar to other selfing species and to a higher LD extent in the "00" WOSR collection.
When the bottleneck has length zero, bottlenecks do not increase genetic drift and hence the expected heterozygosity reaches its maximum.
Moreover, two bottlenecks have occurred during breeding of modern oilseed rape varieties through the selection for low erucic acid content in the oil and low glucosinolate content in the seeds, which reduced the genetic diversity in modern varieties [ 20].
The Roman army had eight guys to a fighting unit, "the number that could fit into a tent," notes former Twitter Engineering SVP Chris Fry, who also found that leaders who have too many teams to form become bottlenecks.
This pattern of alternating long and short LD regions, which differs between breeds, has been attributed to the history of the dog population, which has been characterised by two bottlenecks and expansion periods [ 23, 26].
Dog breeds have undergone two major bottlenecks, the first when they were domesticated from the wolf ~15,000 years ago [ 1, 2], and the second in the last few hundred years during development of the modern breeds from a low number of individuals selected for certain physical or behavioural traits [ 1, 3].
In summary, by combining pooled animal immunisation, hybridoma generation, antigen microarrays and a convenient method to identify plasmids encoding functional recombinant antibodies, we have addressed two major bottlenecks that prevented increasing the scale of a method for the parallel selection of high-quality monoclonal antibodies.
