Deaton and Case calculate that if the death rate for that group had simply held at its 1998 level, almost 100,000 people would have survived.
It's a staircase, or box car, kind of function where we've simply held the sample value until the next sampling instant and then replaced by that value, held it until the next sampling instant, et cetera.
And if military spending had simply held steady at the 1990 level of $289.8 billion, instead of falling, then an additional $261 billion would have been subtracted over the decade from the surplus.
Asaram Bapu, a popular Hindu guru, said that the New Delhi rape victim could have saved herself if she had simply "held the hand of one of the men and said, 'I consider you as my brother.' " Some conservative politicians and commentators blamed skirts, revealing clothing, a lack of overcoats on girls, junk food, astrology and the decisions by some wives to work outside the home.
In other words, if the stock ends above $59, you come out worse than if you had simply held the stock.
More positive, The Times once described her as having simply "held a highly and strictly confidential situation about the person of the Sovereign".
There are nuances from state-to-state, she said, but for decades abortion providers have simply held contracts with medical waste service providers, who tend to incinerate fetal tissue. .
Without the use of GIS, programmatic decisions regarding where to locate outreach services would have been broadly conceptualized: the program would have simply held campaigns in areas of Iringa and Njombe where male circumcision rates were low.
