The ΔcalA mutant strain has severe defects in growth extension, branching and conidial architecture.
In support of this, the zebrafish van gogh mutant, which is mutated for tbx1, has severe defects in pouch formation and facial skeletal development (Piotrowski and Nusslein-Volhard, 2000; Piotrowski et al., 2003).
As had been explained to me by several distraught obstetricians, he had severe defects that were incompatible with life, the worst being anencephaly, an absence of a portion of the brain and skull.
Indeed, a recent study showed that lamin B2 knockout mice have severe defects in the brain resulting from defective neuronal migration during development (Coffinier et al., 2010).
The p120 ablated salivary glands had severe defects in cell adhesion, cell polarity, and epithelial morphology.
As Hnf6 Tg animals have severe defects in insulin secretion, the observed up-regulation of the secreted BMP inhibitor, Ectodin, on the microarray (1.6-fold at e18.5; 1.9-fold at P1) was of interest.
Thus, as Hnf6 Tg animals have severe defects in glucose homeostasis [22], it was of interest that microarray analysis showed a two-fold down-regulation of PERK in these animals.
When treated with 10 µM LY294002, the defects of Mtmr8-MO1 morphant embryos could be further deteriorated (Fig 4B-d), and the Mtmr8-MO2 morphadtseveresevere defects (Fig 4B-e), comparing with Cont morpholino injected morphants which did not alter the wild-type phenotype throughout development 4B-c).
In summary, our data show that embryos from CKO matings that are homozygous for Ate1 Δ allele die before E7.5, much earlier than regular Ate1 KO (Ate1 −/−), suggesting that Ate1 Δ gametes have severe defects and cannot support normal development (Figure 6).
Mutants that have severe defects in yolk absorption would not meet these criteria.
For example, Japanese patients carrying PAX4 mutations have severe defects in first-phase insulin secretion [ 40].
