Other recent work on predicting the short-term evolution of influenza has highlighted the necessity of accounting for fitness costs associated with sublethal deleterious mutations when projecting the frequencies of influenza clades into the next season (Łuksza and Lässig, 2014).
However, previous work has highlighted the importance of three interrelated mechanisms that portray the landscape for host-pathogen interactions, namely disease evolution, invasion, and prevention [ 13].
Many of these studies have highlighted the importance of regulatory evolution and the fundamental role that transcription factors (TFs) play in this process.
Recent experiments have highlighted the mechanisms by which evolution can optimize existing traits (Elena and Lenski, 2003), select for the emergence of a novel ability (Blount et al., 2012), and refine a rudimentary pathway (Quandt et al., 2014).
Collectively, these studies have highlighted the contribution of gene duplication in the evolution of metabolism [ 4].
Recent studies into resident heritable symbiotic microorganisms have highlighted the central role they play in their insect host's ecology and evolution [ 1, 2].
Blancke et al. (2011) have emphasized that the creationist challenge to evolution has highlighted a deficiency in science education when it neglects to make clear the nature of science as a continuing process.
The comparison of HOX genes between vertebrates and invertebrates has highlighted conserved features of HOX gene expression regulation and evolution.
Theoretical predictions for the thermodynamic state of prebiotic chemical evolution have highlighted that the H2-rich hydrothermal environment is energetically advantageous for synthesis and preservation of organic molecules such as amino acids and fatty acids (Amend and McCollom 2009; Amend et al. 2011).
Last week's three-day N.F.L. draft further highlighted the evolution of the Jets' philosophy.
