Civic nationalism does not have ethnicity as its prime determinant but rather tries to subdue the ethnic identities and cultivate allegiance to the "country" instead.
Overwhelmingly, however, leaders from ethno-cultural communities and patients of diverse identities anticipated potential harm arising both from having ethnicity data and the process of collection.
While most leaders and healthcare workers and some patients envisioned potential benefits associated with having ethnicity data, these benefits were seen as largely contingent upon action being taken to ameliorate inequities.
Where patients did not have ethnicity recorded, we have assumed they were white.
Of these, 6017 (99%) had ethnicity recorded, 6087 (>99%) people had Townsend score recorded.
** Chi-square test excludes cases with no admissions as, by definition, none have ethnicity recorded.
Subjects who reported having ethnicity other than white European were excluded from the analyses.
Subjects who reported having ethnicity other than White European were excluded.
Only 5% of these patients seen in London in 2002 did not have ethnicity recorded.
During the study period, of the 75,103 adults coded with hypertension, 92.4% had ethnicity recorded.
Nationally, only 80% of cancer cases have ethnicity data available from HES [ 2].
