A host of recent studies have established essential roles for miRs in cardiac development and cardiac health.
Genetic studies in T. brucei have established essential roles for orthologs of several human kinases, including cyclin-dependent kinases (Tu and Wang, 2004; Gourguechon and Wang, 2009), Aurora kinase (Tu et al., 2006), polo-like kinase (Li et al., 2010), glycogen synthase kinase-3 (Ojo et al., 2008), casein kinase-1 (Urbaniak, 2009), and DBF-2-related kinases (Ma et al., 2010).
With the near completion of the human genome sequencing, bioinformatics has established itself as an essential tool in target discovery and the in silico analysis of gene expression and gene function are now an integral part of it, facilitating the selection of the most relevant targets for a disease under study.
Over the past decade, Colorado has established itself as an essential hub for electronic music, and even though Griz is from Detroit, he brings that funky Colorado sound in spades.
In summary, our analysis, which has important implications for a variety of Nck:N-WASP/WASP-dependent cellular processes, has established that WIP is essential to link Nck-dependent signaling to the Arp2/3 complex via N-WASP.
Douglas' team has established that the amount of essential amino acid produced by the bacteria is directly related to the amount of substrate given to it by the host.
The creation of a conditionally lethal Δarg null mutant in Leishmania mexicana has established that ARG is an essential enzyme for the promastigote form of the parasite and that the enzyme provides an important defense mechanism for parasite survival in the eukaryotic host.
This is despite their having established the essential rhythms that keep their companies moving forward.
In contrast, by using an intestinal model of infection with the Gram-negative entomopathogenic bacterium Serratia marcescens, we have established the essential role of phagocytosis and of the Eater phagocytic receptor in controlling the proliferation of bacteria that have crossed the intestinal barrier [20], [21].
These results, together with those using chemical modification of siRNA, have established the essential role of α-helical geometry in siRNA-mediated gene silencing.
