Over the past half century several highly effective anti-malarial drugs have been introduced and these have contributed to substantial reductions in mortality.
A number of oridonin derivatives (e.g. HAO472) have been designed and synthesized, and have contributed to substantial progress in the identification of new agents and relevant molecular mechanistic studies toward the treatment of human cancers and other diseases.
Edward Melhuish describes how research evidence of two longitudinal research studies, the National Evaluation of Sure Start (NESS) and the Effective Provision of Preschool, Primary, and Secondary Education project (EPPSE) have contributed to substantial ECEC policy change in the UK during the last two decades.
The plague, cholera, and leprosy, for instance, have contributed to substantial mortality and morbidity around the world (1, 2).
Many decades of concerted effort within numerous scientific and technical disciplines have contributed to substantial decreases in worker injuries and fatalities, but the problem is far from solved.
Since 2003, the Government of Japan, through UNICEF, has supported the Congolese Government's purchases of insecticide impregnated nets and other essential commodities that have contributed to substantial progress in malaria control in Congo.
In recent years animal models and neuroimaging of tinnitus perception have contributed to substantial advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology of tinnitus [ 2, 6- 8], which in turn has prompted the development of new treatment strategies [ 4, 9- 11].
Over the last 30 years, advances in diagnostic tools and a consensus towards internationally standardised staging criteria of the condition, together with combined multimodal treatment strategies, have contributed to substantial improvement in 5 year survival rates for patients with CRC, from 22%to50%0% [ 42].
This article discusses how research evidence has contributed to the substantial policy change in the last two decades.
