The linkage of uncertainty to supply chain management is not new in the literature (Mason-Jones and Towill, 1998; Davis, 1993) and the concept of supply chain uncertainty has been widely defined and operationalized throughout the years (Vilko et al., 2014).
28 Although wisdom has been widely defined, there are some agreements that it involves the use of certain kinds of pragmatic reasoning to navigate important life challenges.
The mirror neuron system has been widely defined as consisting of three interrelated areas: ventral premotor area (PMv) of the inferior frontal gyrus (area F5 in monkeys), parietal frontal (PF) in the rostral cortical convexity of the inferior parietal lobule (IPL), and the superior temporal sulcus (STS) (see Figures 1, 2 and 3, as well as Table 1 for a description of these areas).
This approach has been widely used to define biological responses to CSC (Andreoli et al, 2003), and, in some instances, to define specific categories of genetic damage induced by CSC (Albino et al, 2004; Luo et al, 2004).
The answer set semantics presented by Faber et al. [27] has been widely used to define so called FLP answer sets for different types of logic programs.
The cut-off value of ≥16 has been widely used to define clinically meaningful depressive symptoms [ 7, 21].
Coronary CT angiography has been widely investigated to define the specific characteristics of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques, with promising results having been achieved compared to intravascular ultrasound.
A cutoff value of 10 has been widely used to define probable depression, with 88%% sensitivity and 88%% specificity in the original validation study with majority of participants being Caucasians [ 8].
Bile duct ligation in mice has been widely used to define specific phases of acute and chronic injury and repair in the different cellular compartments of the liver [ 145].
In addition, reversed cell apoptosis was also observed in WZ35-treated cells in the presence of glutathione (L-GSH), another potent antioxidant that has been widely used to define the function of ROS in numerous biological and pathological processes (Fig. 2d).
While the semantics of what constitutes 'context' has been widely discussed in the literature and defining what constitutes context information has been studied extensively in relation to humans (e.g. [19]), little, if no, attention has been given to what constitutes context information in relation to urban systems (energy, traffic, transport, etc).
