Most has been spent through the government.
But exactly how much money has been spent through the state has not yet been disclosed.
Most of the pledged money has been spent through established international aid organisations that have revived existing programmes, targeting Mali's longstanding shortfalls in sanitation, health, education and food security.
On its site, Becta says that £1.5bn has been spent through its procurement agreements since 2002, and that this has saved the education system £223m – which would be an average of about £28m per year.
Gen. David H. Petraeus, the top U.S. commander in Afghanistan, said in Senate testimony last year that CERP is "the most responsive and effective means to address a local community's needs". He previously relied on the discretionary fund as the commanding general in Iraq, where $3.5 billion has been spent through the program.
It noted that modernization of the department's software systems had been a priority for nearly 15 years, and that more than $5.8 billion had been spent through 2009 on large operational software systems, most of which were behind schedule.
The report found that four years into the 10-year plan, nearly 40percentt of the 165,000 units, or 64,408 units, had been financed, and $2.5 billion of the program's $7.5 billion cost had been spent through 2007.
Last year, it came under fire after it emerged that £500m of UK aid money had been spent through a handful of, primarily British, consultants, some of whom earn six- or seven-figure salaries and used to work in government.
The layoffs and other measures to reach that goal will cost $950 million, it said yesterday, about $500 million of which had been spent through the end of the recent quarter.
And between May 2015 and February 2017, as much as $450 million in cryptocurrency had been spent through AlphaBay, according to a court filing unsealed today.
The better part of this decade has been spent working through those created by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which was meant to curb accounting abuses at large corporations like Enron but ended up imposing burdensome accounting rules on small, often venture-backed companies.
