Indeed, these observed variability on gonad index or even in the gonad tissue cellular components might have been caused by unusual environmental event such as harsh winter, rainfall or even by pollution.
On-farm testing has shown that drought tolerance is a trait that can contribute to the food security of many resource-poor farmers who live in harsh, low-rainfall environments.
A water cellar is a type of rainwater collection technology invented by farmers in Gansu Province in China for survival in a harsh, dry environment where rainfall only occurs in July, August, and September.
They thrive in an ecological zone that has hot summers, gentle winters without harsh freezes, and annual rainfall of 10 50 cm. 5, 12 The organisms are found within alkaline, sandy soil, commonly about 10 30 cm beneath the surface, though they can have a sporadic or patchy distribution within a given locality.
The wet season (October – March) is characterised by hot temperatures, high humidity and monsoonal rainfalls, creating harsh outdoor conditions.
The area is characterized as arid to semiarid, with harsh weather conditions - low rainfall and high desiccating factors for most of the year.
While this year's weather peculiarities do not even come close to that experience, the rainfall has dealt a harsh blow to a number of industries, shellfishing in particular.
The problem is what's known as a dzud – a summer of very high temperatures and little rainfall followed by the harshest of winters.
The Alps region has harsh winters and moderately warm summers with abundant rainfall.
The harsh continental climate with its high inter-annual rainfall variability and short growing period limits the rangeland productivity in the Chinese-Mongolian Altay (Chen et al. 2007; Saizen et al. 2010).
However, we found that despite Grewia flava's capability to survive in a harsh environment, it may be strongly affected when rainfall decreases as predicted, or increases in periodical fluctuations.
