By harmonizing results from several sources, the base cost of production converged to $11.57gal−11 with a standard deviation of $1.17 gal−1, this from a pre-harmonization value of $19.10gal−11 and a standard deviation of $6.22 gal−1 (Slade and Bauen 2013).
Preprocessing activities include: check keys, referential integrity, and domain consistency; identify missing attributes and blank fields; replacing missing values; data harmonization e.g., check different values that have similar meanings such as customer, client; check spelling of values; check for outliers.
We prospectively evaluated whether a strategy using point spread function (PSF) reconstruction for both diagnostic and quantitative analysis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients meets the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM) guidelines for harmonization of quantitative values.
In line with its greater sensitivity to reconstruction inconsistencies, the EORTC classification benefited more from the EARL harmonization strategy, with kappa values increasing from 0.55 to 0.95 for the worst case scenario (OSEMPET1/PSF ± TOFPET2), compared with an improvement from 0.77 to 0.95 for PERCIST (Table 2).
Green development is a paradigm shift and innovation that would transform the relationship between development and disaster risks, which values the harmonization of human society and nature, promotes inclusive and sustainable development, reduces systemic risks, and increases the resilience of social-ecological systems. .
An effective game in education is a harmonization of fun and educational value (Prensky 2003).
The clinical validation of the EARL harmonization program for standardised uptake value (SUV) metrics is well documented; however, its potential for defining metabolic active tumour volume (MATV) has not yet been investigated.
Additional organisational structures are now being established to offer the possibility of regular participation in different panels to the increasing number of laboratories world-wide that are seeing the value in assay harmonization.
Using a harmonization strategy (hereby aligning quantitative values to the EARL/EANM harmonizing standards with a proprietary filter, the EQ.PET methodology) either for the pre- or post-treatment scans gave almost perfect agreement levels in comparison with the OSEMPET1/OSEMPET2 reference standard, with narrow confidence intervals.
As not all participating cohorts had performed measurement of triglycerides in fasting serum samples, we corrected, as part of the harmonization process, non-fasting triglycerides values based on the findings of a recent report on the associations between fasting time and serum triglycerides levels (i.e. the threshold of 2.1 mmol/l was used) [ 43].
Although studies so far have shown clinical promise, there are still technical considerations to contemplate, particularly the effect of image acquisition, image quality, texture methods and software platforms on parameter values, the need for harmonization of acquisitions, and a standardized analysis approach for clinical application [5, 12, 32, 53, 54, 55, 56].
