In addition to doing no harm, the intervention increased women's intentions to stop smoking in the next month evident both at 2- and 10-week follow-ups.
In contrast with the above data, the utility of CC screening in women younger than 30 years old is questionable given the probability of regression of precancer lesions and the potential harm of the interventions [ 31].
More specifically, physicians do not always correctly estimate the benefits and harms of the interventions they commonly recommend [ 3].
Grades (high, moderate, low, insufficient) reflect the confidence we had about the evidence for a specific outcome on the comparative benefits and harms of the interventions.
An analytic framework depicting our population of interest, interventions tested for prevention of VTE, intermediate and patient-oriented outcomes of treatment, as well as the harms of the interventions was developed.
65 The value of a research question, as well as the ethical and scientific justification for a trial, depend to a large degree on the uncertainty of the comparative benefits or harms of the interventions, which depends in turn on the existing body of knowledge on the topic.
One study reported an increase in emergency readmissions[ 8], while in the other studies there is no suggestion that patients were harmed by the interventions[ 9, 10], and even some consistency in suggesting that falls[ 11] and hospital admissions[ 12, 13] might be reduced.
The prime concern, however, is that there could be potential harm from the intervention through exacerbation of IDH and subsequent myocardial micro-injury.
There was deliberate misrepresentation of the results in one trial, in which a statistically significant increase in harm in the intervention group was suppressed.
They comprised 2011 women, and relevant data on benefit and harm in the intervention and control groups could be extracted (Table 2).
